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April 12, 2025

Visiting a Greenhouse in Almería, Spain

Zu Besuch in einem Gewächshaus in Almería, Spanien

Written by Evelynethoughtsfoodblog

From Greenhouse to Supermarket Shelf

Many vegetables we find in Swiss supermarkets are labeled as "produced in Spain" - or something similar. But what does that really mean? Where does this produce actually come from, how is it grown, and who are the people behind it?

Our journey through Spain took us past the Almería region - a strikingly scenic area that is also characterized by a vast network of greenhouses. This greenhouse landscape is so extensive that it can even be seen on satellite images as a large white area. As of April 2025, Europe is home to around 720 million people - all of whom need access to food. To meet this demand, reliable agricultural operations are essential, capable of farming even under challenging conditions (source).

During our stay in Almería, we had the opportunity to tour one of the greenhouses. During the guided tour, we learned a great deal about how these operations function - and how much knowledge, planning, and dedication go into every single vegetable that ultimately ends up on our shelves. We'd like to share a few impressions here, hoping to provide a better understanding of this form of agriculture and spark interest in visiting one of these farms firsthand when the opportunity arises.

The following information is primarily based on the guided tour of the greenhouse. Additional facts were gathered from publicly available sources and are cited where used. Our goal is to present the impressions we gained as objectively as possible - as personal observations without a judgmental tone. The tour was conducted in English, with some language barriers, but we made an effort to present the content as accurately as possible. We highly recommend participating.

satellite view from google maps

Satellite view from Google Maps

The Climatic Conditions in Almería

To understand how the Almería region has developed and why farmers grow their vegetables and fruits the way they do today, it's important to look at the climatic conditions that the region offers its residents. Almería is by no means the best place in the world to grow vegetables and fruits. The region is characterized by strong winds, intense sunlight, and very little rainfall.

The wind, in particular, posed a major challenge for the residents for a long time, as under these climatic conditions the vegetables initially struggled to thrive. But the people got creative - and their innovation was rewarded. By using greenhouses, they were able to counteract the wind and achieve successful harvests.

the greenhouse from the outside

Over the years, these greenhouses have been steadily developed and optimized across generations. Today, they are an integral part of the region. The climatic conditions still play an important role, even though the vegetables and fruits grow in a protected environment. The locals have adapted their greenhouses so well to the climate that they now benefit from it.

Today, the strong winds actually provide a key advantage for plant growth: they ensure continuous air exchange in the greenhouses and prevent excess moisture from accumulating. With adjustable roofs, farmers can also control temperature and air quality. Sunlight is now used to its fullest potential. The plastic roof of the greenhouses doesn't act as a barrier, but instead absorbs the sunlight and evenly distributes light and heat inside the space - at least, that's how the vegetable grower and greenhouse owner explains it to us.

windy conditions

Why Plastic?

The choice of material - plastic instead of glass - has several reasons. On one hand, it's a matter of cost: glasshouses would be significantly more expensive to build. However, the more important factor is its effect on the plants. The transmission (how light passes through plastic) has proven to be beneficial for plant growth. Every three years, the roof material is replaced, as it loses quality over time, which in turn affects the plants. The old material is fed into an extensive recycling system, from which transport crates, plant pots, and other materials for the greenhouses are made.

the view between the greenhouses

A Visit to the Greenhouse

Entering a greenhouse is like stepping into another world. Even the first step is controlled - through a sophisticated security system where the soles of your shoes are carefully disinfected. No pests, no germs should be allowed to enter this delicate ecosystem from the outside. Then the door opens - and with it, a paradise for the senses.

A warm, sweet scent fills the air - the fragrance of ripe peppers, glowing in shades of red, orange, and yellow, like little lanterns shimmering among the rich green. If you pause for a moment, you'll hear the soft, steady hum - and with a bit of patience, you'll spot them: small, furry bumblebees busily buzzing from flower to flower, as though they are the true gardeners of this place.

The vegetables feel fresh and alive in your hands. And when you bite into one - directly, without any storage, without transportation - you realize what freshness truly means. "Put an apple in the freezer for two weeks," says a smiling staff member, "then eat it. Tell me if it still tastes the same as before." And maybe in that moment, you'll understand why it's so hard for vegetables in the supermarket to taste the same as they do here - straight from the plant, in the warmth, the light, and the soft hum of a small marvel of modern agriculture.

peppers glowing like little lanterns

Peppers glowing like little lanterns

Biological Pest Management

Yes, you heard that right! In these greenhouses, there are actually small, furry bumblebees. They are far more than just cute visitors - they play a central role in this finely tuned ecosystem. As natural pollinators, they ensure that the plants can actually bear fruit.

But the bumblebees aren't alone. Alongside them, numerous other fascinating insect species thrive here, specifically used for natural pest control. Chemical pest control is a thing of the past in this greenhouse. "This is now the case in all the operations in the region," explains the owner. "It's just a shame," she says thoughtfully, "that many people in Europe don't know this. I wish they would all visit my greenhouse." Of course, it would have been exciting for us to visit other greenhouses in the region too. But that's easier said than done - because it's a real privilege for this family to offer any insight at all. Tours like these are rare. That's why it's so valuable that they are willing to share their work, their knowledge, and their passion with the outside world.

Handling Scarce Water Resources

Even beyond the visible abundance of plants, research has made enormous strides in recent years. With noticeable passion, the owner explains to us the sophisticated water system in her greenhouses. The vegetables no longer grow in regular soil, but in small, recycled plastic boxes filled with high-quality coconut fibers.

This method has several advantages: for one, the plants require significantly less water, as almost nothing can seep into the soil. On the other hand, the excess water that drains from the boxes is caught in a narrow channel, then filtered - and reused for irrigation.

Water scarcity is one of the most pressing issues in the Almería region. The owner looks serious as she says, "If I still planted and watered like my parents used to - there would be hardly any water left in this region." She pauses. "We had to get creative. Our greenhouses are constantly evolving."

these tomatoes were freshly prepared for tasting towards the end of the tour

Freshly prepared for tasting towards the end of the tour

A Family Business, Passed Down Through Generations

The greenhouses in Almería are often family-run businesses that are passed down through several generations. The owner of this business also shares more about her personal journey.

"My parents were illiterate," she reports. "They never attended school. Their biggest concern was feeding our family." At that time, what was needed was grown - not with the goal of harvesting high-quality or organically produced vegetables, but simply to fill the stomach. She herself completed elementary school and says, "That's my degree." After that, she started working early to help support the family. "Maybe I earned seven euros a day - that was a lot of money for us back then."

Today, much has changed. The greenhouses have evolved, and with them, the demands of production. "Hunger is no longer the reason I grow vegetables today. I'm interested in sustainable agriculture and good quality. The goal is to produce a product that is both ecologically sensible and of high quality." The region's climatic conditions pose a constant challenge. "I can't change them. And yet we have a responsibility - we must contribute to feeding Europe."

Looking to the future, the owner is optimistic. Her two sons, now the third generation in the business, have studied in this field and bring new knowledge and modern approaches to the work.

A Look Back - And Forward

As we later drove through the region, we noticed many workers traveling on bicycles and e-scooters - probably on their way home after a long workday. It was clear to see how many people are involved in the greenhouses here every day, contributing to food production and making a valuable contribution to Europe's supply of fresh food.

In the short time we had, we couldn't get to know the origins, personal stories, or working conditions of these people in detail. The hard work and dedication they show deserve our deep respect and recognition. The greenhouses of Almería are far more than just places of agricultural production. They represent a remarkable adaptability to nature's challenges, the evolution over generations, and the dedication with which people devote themselves to the task of feeding the world. Visiting such a business can bring us a whole new understanding of the origins and value of our food.

Our thanks go to all the people in Almería who, with their work and commitment, make a crucial contribution to ensuring that fresh, high-quality food ends up in our supermarkets and on our tables. Thank you, Almería.

danke Almería

thank you for having us!

Thank you for having us!

  • Website of the greenhouse we visited. Please note that reservations are only possible by telephone.
  • The greenhouse landscape from above on Google Maps

With 🐿️ by Evelyne

Written by

Evelyne Buttet

Illustrator, writer & barista

Evelyne Buttet likes African wildlife and everything that can fly or lives above the tree line.