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September 4, 2026

Vanlife Without Gas? What Our Camper Electrical System Does All Day

Vanlife ohne Gas? Unsere Camper-Elektrik im Alltag

Written by Frankvanlifethoughts

humbär at golden hour with the doors wide open
Everything that lights, cools, cooks and charges in here comes off the roof

We have been living off-grid in Humbär for more than a year and a half now. Thanks to our electrical system, we run ordinary household appliances on the road - an induction cooktop and an espresso machine. A fridge with its own freezer and Starlink are part of our everyday life too.

Are you sizing up the electrics for your own van conversion right now? Then maybe you will find a few pointers here from our daily life: what do we actually use? How much solar comes in? And is a 5 kWh battery really enough for a life without gas and without being permanently plugged in?

Cooking in a van without gas - is that possible?

No appetite for a gas inspection, for refilling gas tanks, or for hunting down the right gas adapter? That is why we, too, decided from the very beginning to travel without gas in the van.

the induction cooktop sits flush in the countertop
On the left: our entire kitchen stove. An ordinary induction cooktop, set flush into the countertop

In our van Humbär we cook exclusively with an induction cooktop. We use an ordinary household unit from IKEA, which we built into the countertop. Thanks to induction we can cook quickly and comparatively efficiently.

Our cooktop draws 2000 W on its highest setting. We installed an inverter - the inverter turns 24 V DC battery voltage into 230 V AC outlet voltage - which is rated at 2000 W but can only be run continuously at 1500 W. So that we don't overload the inverter, we cook at the second-highest setting at most. That works surprisingly well for us: water boils quickly, and in normal cooking we don't miss the full power at all.

And the best part: we need no gas bottle, no gas locker and no gas inspection.

Which electrical appliances do we have in the camper?

coffee and a cinnamon bun on the countertop
The espresso machine is the second-biggest consumer on board - and the one we are least willing to give up

The hungriest appliances live in our van's kitchen: an electric cooktop (up to 2000 W), a coffee machine (up to 1800 W), a kettle (up to 1850 W) and a fridge (up to 70 W while cooling down, more like 20 W in normal operation). On top of that there is even a portable oven (up to 1300 W) and a food processor (up to 250 W).

So really, everything just like at home.

Since we also work from the road, we run Starlink from the outlet as well (around 20 W in normal operation), have a Marshall speaker (max. 35 W) and various chargers for laptop (65 W), phone (15 W), camera, drone, batteries, toothbrush and power bank.

all of the van's consumers, sorted by power

Our consumers, sorted from little to a lot of power - everything on 230 V along the top, the 12 V side underneath

Apart from the fridge, all appliances run on ordinary household 230 V. The fridge is connected to 12 V through a DC/DC converter. The same goes for other camping-specific equipment such as our composting toilet, the roof fan (MaxxFan), the tank gauge, the water pump and all the LED lights in the van.

the plan for our lamps

The little lamps started on paper too - hidden switches included

What is interesting here: the maximum power of an appliance doesn't say all that much about our actual daily consumption. A cooktop may draw 2000 W - but if it only runs for 20 minutes, it uses considerably less energy than a small consumer that runs for 24 hours.

That is exactly the difference between power and energy: watts describe how much an appliance pulls in a given moment. Watt-hours describe how much it actually uses over time. And only the latter decides whether our battery still has something left in the evening.

How much electricity does a van need per day?

a loaf of bread fresh out of the oven, next to the café menu
A loaf like this costs us more electricity than a whole evening of cooking

We usually cook once a day - in the evening, and then quite happily something tasty and elaborate. For that we budget roughly 1 kWh of cooking, with our cooktop running around 30 minutes on medium heat. A lasagne takes more electricity than a couscous salad, that much is obvious.

On particularly abundant days we like to allow ourselves some baking. That adds at least 1-1.5 kWh.

For a matcha latte for two in the morning, a cappuccino for two and some tea, we budget about 200 Wh a day.

Our fridge has two separate compartments. The freezer runs at -18 °C, the fridge at 6 °C. Holding those temperatures in typical European weather (around 15 °C) uses up to 400 Wh a day.

For Starlink we budget about 250 Wh a day, since we usually switch the internet off in the evening.

Things that barely register: charging laptops, charging phones, and the van electrics for lights, composting toilet and MaxxFan.

Our rough daily consumption

Adding up these big consumers, an ordinary day lands us at around 1.85 kWh:

  • Cooking: approx. 1000 Wh
  • Coffee, matcha & tea: approx. 200 Wh
  • Fridge & freezer: up to 400 Wh
  • Starlink: approx. 250 Wh
  • Everything else: comparatively little

On a baking day the oven alone can add another 1-1.5 kWh. And on a long working day with a lot of coffee, a lot of internet and a warm shower, that quickly becomes double. An average is only ever an average.

How do you size the electrics for a camper?

Our sizing is the result of roof area, budget and need. We decided on a LiFePO4 battery from the very start. It is lighter than AGM, and you can genuinely use a large part of its capacity.

Frank assembled our battery from eight individual 200 Ah cells. The cells are wired in series. That gives us a 24 V system with 200 Ah - around 5 kWh of storage.

Nerd talk: yes, exactly - 24 V!

mounting the roof rails
The rails go onto the roof first, the panels only afterward

At the same power, roughly half as much current flows at 24 V as at 12 V. The lower the current, the lower the losses in the cables, and the smaller the required cable cross-section can be - given the same permissible heating and the same voltage drop.

We installed rigid solar panels. For that we measured the roof very precisely, bought a matching roof rack and planned the entire roof accordingly.

the dimensioned plan for humbär's roof

Every centimeter of roof is planned before the first hole is drilled

Because we have a roof hatch and a MaxxFan installed, the free, continuous area for solar panels shrinks considerably. We got the best use out of the remaining space with four 125 Wp solar panels from Wattstunde. That gives us a maximum rated output of 500 Wp. The four panels are wired in parallel and bolted firmly to four aluminum profiles on the roof rack.

The solar panels charge our 5 kWh LiFePO4 battery through a charge controller (Victron SmartSolar MPPT 100/20). We also have a charge booster (Victron Orion-Tr 12/24 15 A) that charges Humbär while we drive.

More recently we also installed a battery charger, which lets us charge our LiFePO4 battery as soon as Humbär is plugged into shore power.

the electronics board as a plan

First planned onto 1000 × 600 mm …

the finished, wired electronics board
… then screwed down, labeled and wired. Every busbar carries its own tag

To turn 24 V DC battery voltage into 230 V AC outlet voltage, we use an inverter (Offgridtec PSI Sinus 2000 W). It can supply appliances with 1500 W continuously, 2000 W for up to 30 seconds and 3000 W for a very short moment.

That is just about enough for everything from the induction cooktop to the coffee machine - but not enough to run two big consumers at the same time.

Our 230 V AC cables are H07RN-F 3 × 2.5 mm² and fused at 16 A. We installed Swiss type J outlets. That is enough to run appliances up to 3680 W when shore power is connected.

A transfer switch makes sure that shore power really is the source in that case: as soon as shore power is present, the battery and inverter supply is disconnected and shore power takes priority.

the complete wiring diagram of humbär's electrics

The whole "Humbär Generator" on one sheet: input, storage, distribution and output

A note: a 230 V installation in a vehicle is not a place to experiment. Cable cross-sections, fuses, grounding, ground-fault protection and the switchover between shore power and inverter all have to suit the specific installation and be carried out properly. What we describe here is our own installation, not a general set of build instructions.

How much solar power does a camper produce per day?

humbär in the snow, with an empty roof rack
The sun shines in winter too. The cold even does the yield some good

How much comes in per day varies enormously - depending on season, weather, campsite, orientation and shading. Even slight shading can cause a sharp drop in output on a solar system with several modules.

Our own experience looks roughly like this:

  • Over 3 kWh, up to 400 W: our yield was especially good in high summer in more southerly countries such as Spain and France, but also in Germany and Switzerland. Since we don't usually run the battery all the way down to 0 %, a daily yield of about 3 kWh is realistic before the battery is full again. The hotter it gets, the worse the efficiency of the solar modules.
  • 1-2 kWh, up to 400 W: in Scandinavia the sun shines for a long time in summer, but it sits fairly low. Our solar system cannot be angled toward the sun.
  • 1-2 kWh, up to 350 W: the same in sunny southern countries in winter - Greece, Spain or Portugal - where the sun is much lower.
  • 200-500 Wh, up to 400 W: on a rainy day when the sun breaks through now and then.
  • 200-500 Wh, up to 50 W: on a sunny day when Humbär is parked under a tree.
  • 0 Wh: on a rainy day under a dense tree.
humbär parked among tall spruces
The prettiest spots are usually the worst ones for the roof

That last line is not a joke. A spot like the one above is wonderful to wake up in and produces almost nothing all day. Choosing where to park has quietly become an energy decision for us. Finding a sunny, open spot is a real priority now - not least because Starlink gets a better signal that way.

One important distinction: Wp is the rated output of the solar array, kWh is the energy actually harvested over the day. So our 500 Wp array does not simply produce 500 W × 24 hours.

What happens to camper electrics in bad weather and little sun?

a gray day below the monasteries of meteora
Greece in winter. Beautiful, and 300 Wh on a good day

We don't like to admit it - and we wanted to believe it even less - but our battery does occasionally have to be charged at a campsite with power.

We spent the first year of vanlife with no additional way of charging at all. We still remember Norway well: several very rainy days in a row meant we had to ration our electricity heavily.

In Greece last winter we were even down to 0 % at one point. At some point we therefore decided to finally install a charger that tops up our battery as soon as Humbär is plugged into shore power.

four days of solar yield in the victron app, none of them over 430 wh
430, 340, 310, 330 Wh. Four days in a row like this, and the math stops working

Since then, everyday life has been more relaxed. Through the Greek winter we no longer had to ration electricity, as long as we found a place roughly every seven days where we could plug Humbär in.

In Sweden in August, roughly the same applies: with generous consumption we look for a power hookup about every ten days in good weather, and more like every four days in bad weather.

And this is exactly where the real strength of our system shows for us: being self-sufficient doesn't mean never using an outlet. It means not needing one all the time.

Can you heat a camper with electricity?

the wood stove in the van
The stove costs not a single watt-hour - just a bit of wood and some patience

We do actually have the option of heating the van electrically. Our electric fan heater is portable and rated at 1000 W.

But as is so often the case: we mostly need warmth when it is cold and cloudy - which is exactly when our solar array produces little and our battery is correspondingly less full.

If we ran the fan heater for five hours, that alone would take 5 kWh of energy. In theory, our fully charged battery would already be empty.

So it is not a particularly good combination. When we are off-grid, we therefore hardly ever use the electric heater. A few times we have heated electrically for half an hour in the early morning on a full battery. Otherwise, the electricity is simply too precious to us for that.

So what do we do when we are cold? Either we escape to a campsite with power - or we use our wood stove. It gives off a lovely dry heat, and it also brings a lot of coziness and a pleasant crackle.

Another genuine tip against the cold, for us, is hot water bottles, which we simply fill using the kettle at 60-70 °C. Under a good blanket they stay warm deep into the night.

How often do we have to think about our electricity use?

a morning in the meadow beside the van
A morning like this and the battery is full again by lunchtime

Right now we are traveling in Sweden in September and, to be honest: quite often. The sun is barely shining at the moment, we have to watch our consumption and find a charging spot every few days.

Improvement is in sight, though, as soon as the sun shines longer and stronger again - or we move south.

the victron app showing 351 watts from the roof
351 W off the roof, and the battery filling up. The best reason to look at your phone

In a sunny Swiss summer, by contrast, there were weeks when we didn't have to look at our electricity at all. The battery was back at 100 % almost every day.

And perhaps that is the best description of our camper electrics for us: we don't want to think about electricity all the time. We want enough of it that it is simply there in everyday life.

Of course we still check the state of charge and the solar yield regularly. But not because we live in constant fear of running out - rather because, honestly, it is pretty cool to watch your own little power station on the roof.

Humbär's electrics at a glance

  • Battery: 8 × 200 Ah LiFePO4 cells, in series to 24 V / 200 Ah - around 5 kWh
  • Solar: 4 × 125 Wp Wattstunde, in parallel, 500 Wp rated output
  • Charge controller: Victron SmartSolar MPPT 100/20
  • Charge booster: Victron Orion-Tr 12/24 15 A, charges while driving
  • Inverter: Offgridtec PSI Sinus 2000 W (1500 W continuous)
  • 12 V: Victron Orion-Tr 24/12 for fridge, MaxxFan, pump, lights and composting toilet
  • Shore power: CEE inlet with a ground-fault breaker and an automatic transfer switch
  • And nowhere: a gas bottle

Planning your own camper electrics? Then have a look at Humbär's story too - how he came to us, and what else is hiding inside him. Maybe our solution helps you work out how much electrical system you actually need for your own van.

With 🐿️ by Frank.

Written by

Frank Zheng

Engineer, barista & solar wizard

Frank likes lavender, fluffy bumblebees, golden larch trees in fall, and playing the guitar with just four chords.